New York, October 31, 2025 — As paramilitary forces seized control of Sudan’s El-Fasher over the weekend, its journalists have become both witnesses and victims of the unfolding horrors. 

Over the past week, the Committee to Protect Journalists has received reports that journalists in the North Darfur capital — among the last sources of independent information from the besieged city— have gone missing under a communication blackout, been abducted, and in some cases sexually assaulted by the Rapid Support Forces (RSF). 

On October 26, the RSF, a paramilitary group born from the Janjaweed militias and accused by the European Union of ethnically-motivated crimes, claimed full control of El-Fasher. The city, besieged by the RSF for 18 months, was the group’s final barrier to controlling all of Darfur and establishing a parallel government in the region. 

Over just two days, the RSF have been accused by the Sudanese government of killing up to 2,000 civilians, abducting those attempting to flee, and committing grave human rights violations – marking one of the deadliest escalations since the group began fighting the Sudanese army for power in April 2023. 

Journalists missing

“We’re reporting in the dark,” a Sudanese journalist who managed to flee El-Fasher told CPJ, speaking on condition of anonymity for fear of reprisal. “Every hour, we lose another voice.”

Following the RSF’s capture of El-Fasher, CPJ received reports from several local rights groups that at least 13 journalists had gone missing over the weekend.

Freelance journalist Muammar Ibrahim, who most recently contributed to Al Jazeera, disappeared on October 26. Later in the day he appeared in a short video circulated by RSF-linked Telegram channels, identifying himself to the camera while surrounded by armed men thought to be RSF fighters who appeared to be threatening him. 

The following day, the RSF spokesperson told Al-Jazeera that he had no knowledge of Ibrahim’s whereabouts, but if the journalist was not affiliated with any warring party, he saw “no reason” for him to have stayed in El-Fasher, ignoring the nature of his work as a journalist.

CPJ has been able to verify that journalists Abdelmajeed Al-Ahnaf, Mohamed Ahmed Nazar, and Mohamed Suleiman Taher Shuaib, Fayhaa Mohamed el-Helw, and Mohy Eldin Al-Sahhaf managed to escape the El-Fasher and relocate to a safer location. 

The fate of the rest of the missing press – Khalid Abu Warqa, Magdi Youssef, Mohamed Al-Refaey, Taj Al-Sir Ahmed Suleiman, Mohamed Hussein Shalabi, Atta Mohamed, and Ismail Mohamed Ahmed – remain uncertain.  

With internet and phone networks cut off in El-Fasher, colleagues and families have no way to confirm whether the journalists are in RSF custody, or even alive. Local reporters say the only updates now come from social media pages controlled by the militant group or displaced civilians fleeing the city. 

The Darfur Women Journalists Forum told CPJ at least three female journalists had been raped by RSF fighters during their latest assault on the city, part of a wider pattern of sexual violence targeting female journalists and other civilians alike.

Proof without consequence

What sets this war apart from most is the RSF’s brazen documentation of its own crimes, with fighters filming, sharing, and celebrating their war crimes online with complete impunity.

Since the beginning of the war, CPJ has documented a trail of abuses by the RSF across Sudan: at least 14 journalists killed, female journalists raped, media offices turned into detention centers, homes seized, and journalists abducted and held for ransom –  many of which were filmed and circulated by the perpetrators themselves.

In El-Fasher, RSF blockades have starved the city and silenced what remained of local media. Already only tenuously connected to the outside world through RSF-managed Starlink connections, communications with the city were cut off ahead of last week’s RSF advance. What has emerged from the blackout is a stream of videos filmed by RSF fighters and posted online, showing them hunting down and executing civilians, and trenches full of bodies. 

Responding to global outrage, the RSF announced it had arrested a number of people accused of committing crimes in El-Fasher, but no one has yet to be held accountable for Ibrahim’s abduction or any of the previous crimes against journalists. 

“The video of Muammar Ibrahim’s abduction – filmed and shared as RSF propaganda – shows the absolute collapse of accountability in Sudan,” said CPJ Regional Director Sara Qudah. “Journalists can be kidnapped and their suffering broadcast to the world, and still no action is taken.”

CPJ contacted the RSF through its website to request comment but received no response. The  Sudanese army has also been accused of committing grave human rights violations, including indiscriminate airstrikes, arbitrary detention of journalists, and the killing of journalists.

CPJ has called for the protection of all journalists in El-Fasher and the immediate release of those detained.